This Spears fabricated 90-degree elbow pipe fitting is made of schedule 40 PVC and has socket end connections. This 90-degree elbow fitting, or "ell," connects two pipes at a 90-degree angle to change the direction of flow between pipes. It has female socket connections for sliding over the ends of unthreaded male pipes or fittings. The socket ends connect to pipes with a smooth bore for enhanced flow. This schedule 40 (standard wall) fitting is made of PVC (polyvinyl chloride) for corrosion resistance, high strength, and less weight than fittings made from metal. It is compatible with schedule 40 PVC pipes and fittings. PVC can be connected to other materials such as steel, copper, or cast iron using transition fittings. This fitting provides superior flow to metal because of its smooth interior finish, which reduces friction and inhibits buildup of materials. This fabricated 90-degree elbow pipe fitting meets American Society for Testing and Materials International (ASTM) D1785 standards for quality assurance and National Sanitation Foundation International (NSF) certification for potable water and is suitable for use in cold-water pressure distribution systems including irrigation, pool and spa, potable water, and chilled water applications.